罗德侯鲸（学名Rodhocetus）是一属已灭绝的鲸鱼，有着陆上哺乳动物的特征，显示了鲸鱼从陆地进入海洋的过渡性。

第一个发现的物种是R. kasrani，牠的盆骨已与脊骨及后肢融合，并有分化的牙齿。另一个较近期发现的R. balochistanensis，牠的踝骨支持了罗德侯鲸是偶蹄目演化的直接链接，并推翻了很多指鲸鱼是由中兽目衍生而成的理论。罗德侯鲸踝骨结构中的滑车是双轴式的，在哺乳动物中只有偶蹄目有这个特性。

罗德侯鲸的耳骨已经非常像鲸鱼的，但游泳方式则不同。罗德侯鲸肯定是半水中动物，后肢大而有蹼，用以在水中推进。牠的尾巴粗壮，可以作为舵。很多学者指罗德侯鲸的游泳方式像水獭，但2003年进行的主成分分析发现罗德侯鲸的四肢比例与俄罗斯麝鼹接近。

Rodhocetus (from Rodho, the geological anticline at the type locality, and cetus, Latin for whale) is an extinct genus of protocetid early whale known from the Lutetian (48.6 to 40.4 million years ago) of Pakistan. The best-known protocetid, Rodhocetus is known from two partial skeletons that taken together give a complete image of an Eocene whale that had short limbs with long hands and feet that were probably webbed and a sacrum that was immobile with four partially fused sacral vertebrae. It is one of several extinct whale genera that possess land mammal characteristics, thus demonstrating the evolutionary transition from land to sea.