鳕鱼战争（冰岛文：Þorskastríðin，英文：Cod Wars）指的是1958年至1976年冰岛与英国之间的渔业冲突。

自18世纪60年代以来，欧洲尤其是英国对于鳕鱼的捕捞量越来越大，当时欧洲鳕鱼最主要的产区就位于冰岛海域，许多欧洲国家在该海域对鳕鱼进行疯狂的捕捞。冰岛非常担心他们赖以生存的鳕鱼资源在这样的疯狂捕捞中被破坏殆尽。

The Cod Wars (Icelandic:Þorskastríðin, "the cod strife", or Landhelgisstríðin, "the war for the territorial waters") were a series of confrontations between the United Kingdom and Iceland regarding fishing rights in the North Atlantic. Each of the disputes ended with Iceland's victory. The final Cod War concluded with a highly favorable agreement for Iceland, as the United Kingdom conceded to a 200-nautical-mile (370-kilometre) Icelandic exclusive fishery zone following threats that Iceland would leave NATO. As a result, British fishing communities lost access to rich areas and were devastated, with thousands of jobs lost.