巴尔喀什湖（哈萨克语：Балқаш Көли，俄语：Озеро Балхаш）唐代称为夷播海，是位于中亚哈萨克斯坦斯坦共和国东部的一个内流湖，历史上曾是中国（清）与俄国的界湖。

巴尔喀什湖面积16,996平方公里，是世界上第十三大湖泊，东西长而南北窄，东西长约605公里，南北宽约8至70公里，湖的中部有一个半岛，而半岛以北的湖峡只宽约3500米，略略把湖分成东西两部分。巴尔喀什湖流域流入七条河流，伊犁河是其中主要的一条，流域内多数河岸带由其形成。其它河流如卡拉塔尔河则形成地下径流。伊犁河的河水水主要靠中国**的降水（春季的大量雪山融水）补给。

Lake Balkhash (Kazakh:Балқаш Көлі, Balqaş köli; Russian:Озеро Балхаш, Ozero Balkhash) is one of the largest lakes in Asia and 13th largest continental lake in the world. It is located in southeastern Kazakhstan, in Central Asia, and belongs to an endorheic (closed) basin shared by Kazakhstan and China, with a small part in Kyrgyzstan. The basin drains into the lake via seven rivers. The major one is the Ili River, which brings the majority of the riparian inflow; others, such as the Karatal, provide both surface and subsurface flow. The Ili is fed from precipitation (largely vernal snowmelt) from the mountains of China's ******** region.