Chest CT, X-rays with barium contrast of the upper GI tract, and PET are used for further evaluation.

胸部CT、上消化道X线钡餐，以及PET等可用于进一步评估。

The upper GI tract actually only secretes a small amount of potassium, so direct losses via vomiting are usually minimal.

上消化道的确只分泌一小部分钾，因此直接通过呕吐的丢失通常很少。

X-rays with barium contrast of the upper GI tract can be useful to identify complications, like ulcers or esophageal stenosis.

上消化道钡餐造影有助于鉴别并发症，比如溃疡或食管狭窄。

X-rays with barium contrast of the upper GI tract can be useful to identify the location of the cancer and complications like ulcers or esophageal stenosis.

上消化道的X线钡餐检查可有效确认食管癌的部位以及是否有破溃、食管狭窄等并发症。

Relative to the upper GI tract, the lower GI tract secretes more potassium, so more is directly lost in the feces in cases of chronic diarrhea, like from infections, inflammatory bowel diseases, as well as laxative abuse.

相对于上消化道而言，下消化道分泌更多的钾，因此在慢性腹泻的时候更多直接丢失入粪便，比如通过感染、肠道炎症，以及泻药的滥用。