夜盲症（英语：Nyctalopia或Night Blindness），俗称雀盲眼，表现为在黑暗中或光线较弱的地方看不清东西。

由于先天遗传因素，视网膜色素变性或者杆状细胞发育不良等造成。目前没有有效治疗措施，但症状一般不随时间加剧。

Nyctalopia /ˌnɪktəlˈoʊpiə/ (from Greek νύκτ-, nykt- "night"; ἀλαός, alaos "blind, not seeing", and ὄψ, ops "eye"), also called night-blindness, is a condition making it difficult or impossible to see in relatively low light. It is a symptom of several eye diseases. Night blindness may exist from birth, or be caused by injury or malnutrition (for example, a lack of vitamin A). It can be described as insufficient adaptation to darkness.