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词汇 Fresnel number
分类 英语词汇 英语翻译词典
释义

Fresnel number

中文百科

菲涅耳数

奥古斯丁·菲涅耳

在光学里,菲涅耳数(Fresnel number)是一个时常出现于衍射理论的无量纲量。菲涅耳数是因法国物理学者奥古斯丁·菲涅耳而命名。

假设,从光波源发射出的光波,照射于具有一个孔径的不透明挡板。在挡板的后面,设有展示干涉图样的观察屏。对于这光学系统,菲涅耳数 F 定义为

其中,a 是孔径的尺寸(例如半径),L 是孔径与观察屏之间的距离,\lambda 是入射光波的波长。

依照 F 数值的不同,衍射理论可以分为两种特别案例:

假设 F \gg 1 ,则可以应用几何光学的理论。

英语百科

Fresnel number 菲涅耳数

 Aperture real amplitude as estimated at focus of a half inch perfect lens having Fresnel number equal to 100. Adopted wavelength for propagation is 1 µm.
 Aperture real amplitude as estimated at focus of a half inch perfect lens having Fresnel number equal to 1. Adopted wavelength for propagation is 1 µm.
 Aperture real amplitude as estimated at focus of a half inch perfect lens having Fresnel number equal to 0.01. Adopted wavelength for propagation is 1 µm.
奥古斯丁·菲涅耳

The Fresnel number (F), named after the physicist Augustin-Jean Fresnel, is a dimensionless number occurring in optics, in particular in scalar diffraction theory.

For an electromagnetic wave passing through an aperture and hitting a screen, the Fresnel number F is defined as

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