Clostridium difficile toxin B
![](/Images/godic/202501/05/C_Diff_ToxB_2BVM3601.png")
![Figure 3: Toxin B changes the dynamic of cell structure. Images of SEM: a) control cells and b) cells treated with TcdB for 18 hours. Black arrow indicates the location of cell surface blebbing.](/Images/godic/202501/05/Membrane_blebbing_and_cell_surface_disturbance13601.png")
![Figure 4: Toxin B's effects on rat astrocytes. This is a probable illustration of rat astrocytes incubated with 100 ng/ml of Toxin B for 2 hours at 37 °C.](/Images/godic/202501/05/Rat_astrocytes13601.png")
![Figure 5: Intracellular modifications by TcdB. Firstly, Toxin B binds to the surface of the cell and is internalized by receptor-mediated endocytosis. Secondly, acidification of the endosome triggers the formation of a pore through which the GTD is translocated. Thirdly, uptake by UDP-glucose helps to bind to the GTPases and release into the cytosol. Finally, the GTD glucosylates Rho family GTPases at the cell membrane and control transcription regulation and ultimately apoptosis of the cell.](/Images/godic/202501/05/Intracellular_modification_by_TcdB3601.png")
Clostridium difficile toxin B is a toxin produced by the bacteria Clostridium difficile. C. difficile produces two major kinds of toxins that are very potent and lethal; an enterotoxin (Toxin A) and a cytotoxin (Toxin B, this protein).