斯匹次卑尔根岛或史匹兹卑尔根岛是挪威所属斯瓦尔巴群岛中最大的岛屿，靠近北极。该岛面积约39,044 km²。斯匹次卑尔根岛长约450 km，40-225公里宽。由于纬度在北极圈内，所以会有极昼（4月至8月）与极夜（11月至1月）现象。

斯匹次卑尔根岛与格陵兰岛之间的弗拉姆海峡东部的深层是 北冰洋与大西洋的水交换的信道之一，称为西斯匹兹卑尔根流。另外一条信道是从格陵兰岛东边的弗拉姆海峡西部表层流出，称为东格陵兰流，和通过加拿大北极群岛间海峡流出。

Spitsbergen (formerly known as West Spitsbergen; Norwegian: Vest Spitsbergen or Vestspitsbergen) is the largest and only permanently populated island of the Svalbard archipelago in northern Norway. Constituting the westernmost bulk of the archipelago, it borders the Arctic Ocean, the Norwegian Sea, and the Greenland Sea. Spitsbergen covers an area of 39,044 km (15,075 sq mi), making it the largest island in Norway and the 36th-largest in the world. The administrative centre is Longyearbyen. Other settlements, in addition to research outposts, are the Russian mining community of Barentsburg, the research community of Ny-Ålesund, and the mining outpost of Sveagruva.