It has a completely filled valence shell.

它有一个完全填充的价壳。

They both have these stable valence shells.

它们都有这些稳定的价壳。

So sodium-- let me draw its valence shell-- sodium's valence shell looks like this.

所以钠——让我画出它的价层——钠的价层看起来像这样。

So he has eight in his valence shell.

所以他的价层中有八个。

And now oxygen can pretend like he's got eight electrons in his valence shell.

现在氧气可以假装他的价壳中有八个电子。

Well then the sodium has no electrons in its valence shell.

那么钠在其价壳中没有电子。

Now its valence shell is one lower, but we can say it's lost that one electron that was out there.

现在它的价壳层低了一个，但我们可以说它失去了外面的那个电子。

He has one, two, three, four, five, six, but he also can kind of pretend that these guys are also in his valence shell.

他有一、二、三、四、五、六，但他也可以假装这些家伙也在他的价壳中。