兔热病（英语：Tularemia），又称野兔病（rabbit fever）、鹿蝇热（deer fly fever）、大原病（Ohara's fever）、法兰西斯氏病，一种因为细菌感染引起的人畜共通传染病。病原为土伦病法兰西斯氏菌（Francisella tularensis），它是一种革兰氏阴性的球杆菌。感染此病的症状为，出现愈合缓慢的溃疡，以及淋巴结肿大。它在美国加州土伦县（Tulare County）首次被发现，并报导出来，因此得名。

Tularemia (or tularaemia; also known as Pahvant Valley plague, rabbit fever, deer fly fever, and Ohara's fever) is a serious infectious disease caused by the intracellular bacterium Francisella tularensis. A Gram-negative, nonmotile, pleomorphic coccobacillus, the bacterium has several subspecies with varying degrees of virulence. The most important of those is F. tularensis tularensis (Type A), which is found in lagomorphs (rabbits, hares and pikas) in North America, and it is highly virulent in humans and domestic rabbits. F. tularensis palaearctica (Type B) occurs mainly in aquatic rodents (beavers, muskrats) in North America and in hares and small rodents in northern Eurasia. It is less virulent for humans and rabbits. The primary vectors are ticks and deer flies, but the disease can also be spread through other arthropods. The disease is named after Tulare County, California.