A research paradigm consists of three elements; ontology, epistemology, and methodology.

研究范式包括三个要素：本体论、认识论和方法论。

Regardless of what is being examined, scientists always operate based on a certain research paradigm: a set of common beliefs and agreements on how problems should be understood and addressed.

无论研究对象是什么，科学家总是基于某种研究范式进行操作：一套关于如何理解和解决问题的共同信念和协议。