罗马禁卫军（英语：Praetorian Guard，拉丁语：Praetoriani）是直属于罗马皇帝的护卫部队，禁卫军此名称至少在罗马共和国时期就得到使用，当时的作用是保护罗马将军。到了帝国时期直属罗马皇帝，专责保护皇帝及其皇室成员。公元4世纪，罗马禁卫军被君士坦丁大帝解散。

The Praetorian Guard (Latin:Praetoriani) was a force of bodyguards used by Roman Emperors. The title was already used during the Roman Republic for the guards of Roman generals since the rise to prominence of the Scipio family around 275 BC. The Guard was dissolved by Emperor Constantine I in the 4th century. They were distinct from the Imperial Germanic bodyguard which provided close personal protection for the early Roman emperors.