McEwen of the Rockefeller University is unequivocally critical of the study: “I think that it borders on a tragedy that Premarin and Provera were chosen as the only HRT treatments. McEwen）对这项研究提出批评说：「我想，这些结果与只选用普力马林与普维拉做为唯一的HRT治疗策略，几乎脱不了干系。」
Premarin is the brand name for an estrogen medication that consists of conjugated estrogens isolated from the urine of pregnant mares (pregnant mares' urine). It is manufactured by Wyeth (now a part of Pfizer), and was first marketed in 1941 and 1942 in Canada and the United States, respectively, for the treatment of menopausal symptoms.