DNA微数组（DNA microarray）又称DNA数组或DNA芯片，比较常用的名字是基因芯片（gene chip）。是一块带有DNA微阵列（microarray）的特殊玻璃片或硅晶元片，在数平方公分之面积上布放数千或数万个核酸探针；检体中的DNA、cDNA、RNA等与探针结合后，借由荧光或电流等方式侦测。经由一次测验，即可提供大量基因串行相关信息。它是基因组学和遗传学研究的工具。研究人员应用基因芯片就可以在同一时间定量的分析大量（成千上万个）的基因表现，具有快速、精确、低成本之生物分析检验能力。

A DNA microarray (also commonly known as DNA chip or biochip) is a collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid surface. Scientists use DNA microarrays to measure the expression levels of large numbers of genes simultaneously or to genotype multiple regions of a genome. Each DNA spot contains picomoles (10 moles) of a specific DNA sequence, known as probes (or reporters or oligos). These can be a short section of a gene or other DNA element that are used to hybridize a cDNA or cRNA (also called anti-sense RNA) sample (called target) under high-stringency conditions. Probe-target hybridization is usually detected and quantified by detection of fluorophore-, silver-, or chemiluminescence-labeled targets to determine relative abundance of nucleic acid sequences in the target.