弗罗伦斯·南丁格尔，OM，RRC（英语：Florence Nightingale，1820年5月12日－1910年8月13日），英国护士和统计学家，出生于意大利一个来自英国上流社会的家庭。

在德国学习护理后，曾往伦敦的医院工作。于1853年成为伦敦慈善医院的护士长。

克里米亚战争时，她极力向英**方争取在战地开设医院，为士兵提供医疗护理。她分析过堆积如山的军事文件，指出在克里米亚战役中，英军死亡的原因是在战场外感染疾病，及在战场上受伤后没有适当的护理而伤重致死，真正死在战场上的人反而不多。她更用了圆形图以说明这些数据。

Florence Nightingale, OM,RRC (/ˈflɒrəns ˈnaɪtᵻŋɡeɪl/; 12 May 1820 – 13 August 1910) was a celebrated English social reformer and statistician, and the founder of modern nursing.

She came to prominence while serving as a manager of nurses trained by her during the Crimean War, where she organised the tending to wounded soldiers. She gave nursing a highly favourable reputation and became an icon of Victorian culture, especially in the persona of "The Lady with the Lamp" making rounds of wounded soldiers at night.