Usually the glomerulus and mesangium help filter the blood to remove wastes while keeping larger proteins and cells—including red blood cells—from entering the urine.

通常肾小球和系膜细胞能滤过血液、去除废物，同时防止大分子蛋白和包括红细胞在内的细胞进入尿液。

The immune complexes specifically deposit in the mesangium which is the tissue in the Bowman's capsule that offers structural support to the glomerular capillaries.

这些免疫复合物常常沉积在肾小球系膜；肾小球系膜是Bowman囊的一部分，为肾小球血管球提供结构支持。

In these sorts of infections, IgA1 antibody production gets ramped up, leading to IgG anti-glycan formation, and immune complex deposition in the glomerular mesangium, causing inflammation.

在这些感染情况下，IgA1抗体产生增多，导致抗糖基化的抗体IgG形成，免疫复合物便沉积在肾小球系膜，产生炎症反应。

On light microscopy, there'll often be mesangial proliferation, or expansion of the mesangium, and upon getting a closer look with electron microscopy, there'll be immune complexes deposited within the mesangium.

光学显微镜下，常常可见系膜增生或系膜扩张，进一步电镜下观察，可见免疫复合物沉积于系膜上。

In fact, the mesangium is continuous with the smooth muscles of the afferent and efferent arterioles, and fills in the space between the loops of blood vessels, hence the name.

事实上，系膜是由入球、出球小动脉的平滑肌细胞延续而来，填满了毛细血管袢的空隙，因此得名Mes-angium。

When the abnormal IgA1-IgG immune complexes deposit in the mesangium, the alternative complement pathway is activated, leading to the release of proinflammatory cytokines and migration of macrophages into the kidney, all of which contributes to glomerular injury.

当异常的IgA1-IgG免疫复合物沉积在系膜上时，补体旁路途径被激活，导致促炎因子的释放，同时促进巨噬细胞向肾迁移，以上所有反应会导致肾小球的损伤。